Amakuru y'ikigo

Mu myaka ya vuba aha, ikoreshwa rya pulasitiki mu modoka ryakomeje kwiyongera. Kuri ubu, ikoreshwa rya pulasitiki mu modoka mu Budage, muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, mu Buyapani no mu bindi bihugu ryageze kuri 10% kugeza kuri 15%, ndetse hari n’izageze kuri 20%. Ukurikije ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu modoka zigezweho, byaba ibice byo hanze by’imitako, ibice byo imbere by’imitako, cyangwa ibice bikora neza n’imiterere, igicucu cy’umusaruro wa pulasitiki kigaragara hose. Kandi hamwe no kunoza imiterere ya pulasitiki y’ubuhanga, imbaraga zayo, n’uburyo ikora, amadirishya ya pulasitiki, inzugi, imizigo ndetse n’imodoka za pulasitiki zose byagiye bigaragara buhoro buhoro, kandi inzira yo gushyira pulasitiki mu modoka iri kwihuta.

Ni izihe nyungu zo gukoresha pulasitiki nk'ibikoresho by'imodoka?

1.Gushushanya pulasitiki biroroshye, bigatuma byoroha cyane gutunganya ibice bifite imiterere igoye. Urugero, iyo icyuma gitunganywa hakoreshejwe ibyuma, akenshi biba ngombwa kubanza gutunganya no gushushanya ibice bitandukanye, hanyuma ukabiteranya cyangwa ukabishyiramo imiyoboro, ibyo bikaba bisaba uburyo bwinshi. Gukoresha pulasitiki bishobora gutegurwa icyarimwe, igihe cyo gutunganya kikaba gito, kandi ukuri ni ukwemewe.

2. Inyungu ikomeye yo gukoresha pulasitiki mu bikoresho by'imodoka ni ukugabanya uburemere bw'imodoka. Inganda zikora imodoka zishyira imbere uburemere bworoheje, kandi pulasitiki ishobora kugaragaza imbaraga zayo muri urwo rwego. Muri rusange, uburemere bwihariye bwa pulasitiki ni 0.9 ~ 1.5, kandi uburemere bwihariye bw'ibikoresho bivanze bya fibre ntibuzarenga 2. Mu bikoresho by'icyuma, uburemere bwihariye bw'icyuma cya A3 ni 7.6, umuringa ni 8.4, na aluminiyumu ni 2.7. Ibi bituma pulasitiki iba ibikoresho bikunzwe cyane ku modoka zoroshye.

3. Imiterere y’ihindagurika ry’ibicuruzwa bya pulasitiki ifata ingufu nyinshi zo kugongana, igira ingaruka zikomeye ku nkoni zikomeye, kandi ikarinda ibinyabiziga n’abagenzi. Kubwibyo, ibirango bya pulasitiki n’amapine yo kuyobora bikoreshwa mu modoka zigezweho kugira ngo byongere ubushobozi bwo guhagarara. Amabati y’imbere n’inyuma n’imirongo yo kugabanya umubiri bikozwe mu bikoresho bya pulasitiki kugira ngo bigabanye ingaruka z’ibintu biri hanze y’imodoka ku rusaku rw’imodoka. Byongeye kandi, pulasitiki ifite kandi akazi ko gukurura no kugabanya urusaku, bishobora kunoza uburyohe bwo kugenda.

4. Plastike ishobora gukorwamo plastiki ifite imiterere ikenewe hongerwamo ibintu bitandukanye byuzuza, pulasitiki n'ibyuma bikomera bitewe n'imiterere ya plastiki, kandi imbaraga za mashini n'imiterere yo gutunganya no gushushanya ibikoresho bishobora guhinduka kugira ngo bihuze n'ibikenewe ku bice bitandukanye by'imodoka. Urugero, bumper igomba kugira imbaraga nyinshi za mashini, mu gihe umusego n'inyuma bigomba gukorwa mu ifuro ryoroshye rya polyurethane.

5.Plastike ifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese kandi ntishobora kwangirika iyo yangiritse mu gace runaka. Ariko, iyo irangi ryangiritse cyangwa icyuma kidakora neza mu gukora ibyuma, biroroshye kwangirika no kwangirika. Ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese bwa plastiki ku bijyanye na aside, alkali n'umunyu buruta ubw'ibyuma. Iyo plastiki ikoreshejwe nk'ibipfundikizo by'umubiri, irakwiriye cyane gukoreshwa ahantu handuye cyane.

Muri rusange, pulasitiki zikoreshwa mu modoka zavuye ku bice bisanzwe by'imitako kugeza ku bice by'imiterere n'ibice bikora; ibikoresho bya pulasitiki bikoreshwa mu modoka birimo gutera imbere mu cyerekezo cy'ibikoresho bivanze n'ibyuma bya pulasitiki bifite imbaraga nyinshi, ingaruka nziza, kandi binyura cyane. Haracyari urugendo rurerure rwo kwamamaza imodoka za pulasitiki mu gihe kizaza. Si ikibazo cy'umutekano gusa, ahubwo ni n'ibibazo nko gusaza no kongera gukoreshwa. Ibi bigomba kunozwa cyane mu ikoranabuhanga.