Igikoresho cya pulasitiki ni igikoresho gihuzwa n'imashini zikora pulasitiki mu nganda zitunganya pulasitiki kugira ngo gihe ibikoresho bya pulasitiki imiterere yuzuye n'ingano nyayo. Dukurikije uburyo butandukanye bwo gushushanya, gishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibikoresho.
1. Imashini yo gushushanya ya polystyrene yagutse cyane
Ni ubwoko bw'ibihumyo bikoresha polystyrene ishobora kwaguka (ibikoresho by'ubudodo bigizwe na polystyrene n'ibikoresho bifuro) kugira ngo bikore ibikoresho byo gupfunyikamo ifuro bifite imiterere itandukanye wifuza.
Ihame ni uko polystyrene ishobora kwaguka ishobora guterwa mu mwuka, harimo ubwoko bubiri bw'ibumba zoroshye zikoreshwa n'intoki n'ibumba rya pulasitiki rya hydraulic straight-through foam, rikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gukora ibikoresho byo gupakira ibicuruzwa by'inganda. Ibikoresho byo gukora ibumba nk'iryo ni aluminiyumu ikozwe mu cyuma gishongeshejwe, icyuma kitagira umuhengeri, umuringa, nibindi.
2. Ifuro yo gukanda
Harimo no gukamura no gukamura inshinge, ubwoko bubiri bw'ibihumyo by'imiterere. Ni ubwoko bw'ibihumyo bikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kubumba plastiki zikoresha thermosetting, kandi ibikoresho bijyana nabyo ni imashini ikoresha icyuma.
Uburyo bwo gukamura icyuma Dukurikije imiterere ya pulasitiki, icyuma gishyushya kugeza ku bushyuhe bwo gukamura (muri rusange 103°108°), hanyuma ifu yo gukamura icyuma yapimwe ishyirwa mu mwobo w'icyuma no mu cyumba cyo kugaburiramo, icyuma gifunga, hanyuma pulasitiki igashyushya ku bushyuhe bwinshi n'umuvuduko mwinshi. Koroshya amazi anyuramo, akomere kandi ahinduke ishusho nyuma y'igihe runaka, maze abe ishusho y'igicuruzwa wifuza.
Itandukaniro riri hagati yo gushingwa mu nganda no gushingwa mu buryo bwo gukanda ni uko nta cyumba cyo kuriramo gitandukanye. Igikoresho cyo kuriramo kirafungwa mbere yo gushingwa, hanyuma plastiki igashyuha mu cyumba cyo kuriramo igahinduka nk'aho itemba cyane. Iyo igitutu kibaye, kirahindurwa kikajya mu mwobo w'igikoresho kugira ngo gikomere kandi gikore neza.
Ifumbire yo gukanda igizwe ahanini n'umwobo, umwobo wo kugaburira, uburyo bwo kuyobora, ibice bisohora, sisitemu yo gushyushya, nibindi. Ifumbire zo gutera zikoreshwa cyane mu gupakira ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi. Ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu gukora ifumbire zo gukanda ni bimwe n'ifumbire zo gutera.
3. Ifumbire yo guterwamo inshinge
Ni imashini ikoreshwa cyane mu gutunganya ibice bya thermoplastic. Ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu gutunganya ibipimo bijyanye n'imashini ikoreshwa mu gutera ni imashini ikoreshwa mu gutera. Plastike ibanza gushyushywa no gushonga mu gikoresho gishyushya kiri munsi y'imashini ikoreshwa mu gutera. Mu gihe cyo gusunika, yinjira mu mwobo w'imashini ikoresha mu gutera no mu buryo bwo gusukamo imashini, hanyuma plastiki ikonjeshwa igakomera kugira ngo ikore, kandi umusaruro uboneka binyuze mu gukuramo imashini.
Imiterere yayo ubusanzwe igizwe n'ibice by'ibumba, sisitemu yo gusukamo, ibice biyobora, uburyo bwo gusunika, sisitemu yo kugenzura ubushyuhe, sisitemu yo gusohora imyuka, ibice biyishyigikira n'ibindi bice, kandi ikozwe mu byuma bya pulasitiki. Uburyo bwo gushushanya inshinge busanzwe bukwiriye gusa mu gukora ibicuruzwa bya thermoplastic. Ibikoresho bya pulasitiki bikorerwa mu buryo bwo gushushanya inshinge ni binini cyane. Kuva ku bikoresho bya buri munsi kugeza ku bikoresho bitandukanye by'amashanyarazi bigoye n'ibice by'imodoka, byose bikorwa hakoreshejwe inshinge. Bumwe mu buryo bukoreshwa cyane mu gutunganya ibicuruzwa bya pulasitiki.
4. Ifuro ry'ifu
Igikoresho gikoreshwa mu gukora ibikoresho bidafite aho bibohera mu gikoresho cya pulasitiki (nk'amacupa y'ibinyobwa, ibikoresho bya shimi bya buri munsi n'ibindi bikoresho byo gupakira). Uburyo bwo gupakira bukubiyemo ahanini gupakira no gupakira inshinge hakurikijwe ihame ry'imikorere. Iri hame rikubiyemo ahanini gupakira inshinge, gupakira inshinge, gupakira inshinge (bizwi nka inshinge yo kugorora inshinge), gupakira inshinge nyinshi, gupakira inshinge, nibindi. Ibikoresho bijyanye no gupakira inshinge mu bicuruzwa bidafite aho bibohera ubusanzwe byitwa imashini ipakira inshinge, kandi gupakira inshinge bibereye gusa mu gukora ibicuruzwa bya thermoplastic. Imiterere y'igikoresho cyo gupakira iragoye, kandi ibikoresho bikoreshwa ahanini bikozwe muri karuboni.
5. Indabyo yo gusohora
Ubwoko bw'ibihumyo bikoreshwa mu gukora ibikoresho bya pulasitiki bifite ishusho ihoraho, bizwi kandi ku izina rya extrusion molding head, bikoreshwa cyane mu gutunganya imiyoboro, imigozi, monofilaments, plaque, filime, insinga n'insinga, ibikoresho bifite ishusho, nibindi.
Ibikoresho bijyana n'umusaruro ni icyuma gishyushya cya pulasitiki. Ihame ni uko pulasitiki ikomeye ishongeshwa igashyirwa muri pulasitiki mu gihe cyo gushyushya no kuzunguruka kw'icyuma gishyushya, kandi igakorwa mu gice kimwe n'imiterere y'icyuma binyuze mu gice cy'icyuma gifite ishusho runaka. Ibikoresho bya pulasitiki bihoraho. Ibikoresho byayo ahanini ni ibyuma by'imiterere ya karuboni, ibikoresho bya alloy, nibindi, kandi bimwe mu bikoresho bishyushya nabyo bishyirwamo ibikoresho bidashobora kwangirika nka diyama ku bice bigomba kwangirika.
Uburyo bwo gusohora ubusanzwe bukwiriye gusa mu gukora ibikoresho bya thermoplastic, bitandukanye cyane n'ibibumbano bya injection na compression molds mu miterere.
6. Ifu y'ibihumyo
Ifumbire ikoresha amasahani n'amashuka ya pulasitiki nk'ibikoresho fatizo kugira ngo ikore ibintu bimwe na bimwe byoroshye bya pulasitiki. Mu gihe yoroshye, irahinduka ikanafatana n'umwobo w'ifumbire kugira ngo ibone umusaruro wifuza, ukoreshwa cyane cyane mu gukora bimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi bya buri munsi, ibiryo n'ibipaki by'ibikinisho.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-12-2022