Amakuru y'ikigo

Nyuma y’igihe cy’iterambere ryihuse mu nganda zikora ibikoresho by’ibumba mu gihugu cyanjye, ibice byagiye bitera imbere buhoro buhoro mu rwego rwo gushyiraho ibikoresho by’ibumba, kwihangira imirimo no kubicuruza, kandi bimwe muri byo byageze ku rwego rwo hejuru kandi byateye imbere cyane. Muri rusange, amahirwe y’iterambere ry’inganda zikora ibikoresho by’ibumba mu gihugu cyanjye ni meza, kandi ririmo gutera imbere ku isi.

“Igihugu cyacu kiracyakeneye gutumiza mu mahanga umubare munini w’ibice bisanzwe by’ibihumyo biva mu mahanga buri mwaka, kandi ikiguzi cyabyo kigera kuri 8% by’ibihumyo biva mu mahanga buri mwaka. Ibice bisanzwe by’ibihumyo biracyafite ibibazo byinshi bijyanye n’amabwiriza ya tekiniki, iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga, n’ubwiza bw’ibicuruzwa. “Umunyamabanga Mukuru w’Ishyirahamwe Mpuzamahanga ry’Abatanga Ibihumyo, Ibyuma na Plasitike, Luo Baihui, yavuze ko amahame y’ibicuruzwa bisanzwe by’Ubushinwa ari akajagari, afite ibice bike by’imikorere, ibikoresho bike by’ikoranabuhanga, kandi nta bushobozi bwo kubikoresha; amavugurura ya tekiniki ni make, ibikoresho birashaje, ikoranabuhanga ryasubiye inyuma, kandi urwego rw’ubuhanga ni ruto. Ubwiza bw’ibicuruzwa ntibuhamye; kubura impano z’abahanga, ubuyobozi ntibushobora gukomeza, umusaruro muke, igihe kirekire cyo gutanga ibicuruzwa; ikwirakwizwa ry’ibicuruzwa n’ibicuruzwa ritari ryitezwe, ubwoko bw’imikorere n’ibipimo, ubushobozi buke bwo kubitanga; bimwe mu bikoresho kugira ngo bihangane ku isoko, ntibita ku bwiza, Ibicuruzwa bibi kandi bibi byuzuye ku isoko. Hari kandi ibintu byo kwirengagiza ibiciro, kugabanya ibiciro mu buryo butari bwo, no guhungabanya isoko, bigomba kwigwa neza no gukemurwa.

Kugira ngo habeho gushyiraho amahame shingiro y’inganda ahuriweho kandi meza ku bice by’ibimera by’igihugu cyanjye, Komite y’Igihugu ishinzwe Gupima Ibimera yashinzwe mu 1983. Kuva iyo komite yashyirwaho, impuguke zashyizweho kugira ngo zishyireho, zivugurure kandi zisuzume amahame shingiro y’ibimera, kandi hamaze gutangwa amahame arenga 90, harimo amahame 22 yo gusiga stamping die n’amahame arenga 20 y’ibimera bya pulasitiki. Gutanga no gushyira mu bikorwa aya mahame byateje imbere iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga n’iterambere ry’inganda zimera, kandi byatanze inyungu zikomeye mu mibereho myiza no mu bukungu. Ubushakashatsi, iterambere n’ikorwa ry’ibice by’ibimera bisanzwe birimo gukorwa mu buryo bwuzuye kandi bwimbitse. Ubwoko bw’ibicuruzwa, ubwoko, imiterere, n’imikorere ya tekiniki y’ibicuruzwa n’urwego rw’ubuziranenge byarushijeho kunozwa cyane.

Kugeza ubu, urwego rw’ikoreshwa ry’ibibumbano mu gihugu cyanjye rwageze kuri 50%, ibi bikaba bikiri inyuma cyane y’ibihugu by’amahanga byateye imbere mu nganda (70-80%). Mu myaka ya vuba aha, umubare w’inganda n’ibigo bicuruza mu gihugu cyanjye wiyongereye buri mwaka, ariko inyinshi muri zo ni ntoya mu bunini, ibikoresho bishaje, ikoranabuhanga rirahenze, igiciro kiri hejuru, kandi inyungu ni nke. Ni byo byonyine bito n’ibiciriritse bisanzwe bikozwe mu buryo busanzwe n’ibibumbano bya pulasitiki, inkingi z’ubuyobozi, amaboko y’ubuyobozi, inkoni zo gusunika, amasoko y’ibibumbano, ibice by’umwuka n’ibindi bicuruzwa bifite urwego rwo hejuru rwo gucuruza, bishobora guhaza ibyifuzo by’isoko ry’imbere mu gihugu, kandi bimwe muri byo byoherezwa mu mahanga.

Kandi ibyo bicuruzwa bifite ikoranabuhanga rihanitse, imiterere ihanitse, imikorere myiza, ubwiza bwo hejuru, kandi byoroshye gusimbuza, nko gukanda vuba na vuba hamwe n'amasahani adahinduka, amasahani akomeye yo gusiga amavuta n'amaboko y'ubuyobozi, uburyo bwo gukata bukozwe mu buryo bwa oblique hamwe n'ibice byabyo, Hari abakora ibikoresho bya pulasitiki bigezweho n'amasoko ya azote make cyane mu gihugu, kandi kubera ibura ry'amafaranga, biragoye gushyira mu bikorwa imishinga yo guhindura ikoranabuhanga, umusaruro ni muto, ibihe byo gutanga ni birebire, kandi itandukaniro riri hagati y'ibitangwa n'ibikenewe riri kwiyongera cyane.