Amakuru y'Ikigo

Hamwe niterambere ryubukungu, inganda zububiko ziragenda zitera imbere, kandi ibisabwa kubibumbano mu nganda nyinshi bitangiye guhinduka. Ibyiringiro byububiko bwagutse ni binini, kandi ibyifuzo byububiko burahari. Nyamara, igipimo cy’umusaruro mwinshi, wo hagati ndetse n’iciriritse mu nganda z’ibicuruzwa by’igihugu cyanjye ntawuringaniza cyane, bikaba bidakwiye cyane iterambere ry’inganda z’igihugu cyanjye. Hano harakenewe byihutirwa kwihutisha imiterere no guteza imbere ibice byo murwego rwohejuru kugirango bigendane nisoko mpuzamahanga.

Kwihutisha guhindura imiterere

Ugereranije n'ibyahise, urwego rw’ikoranabuhanga rw’igihugu cyanjye rwateye imbere cyane, ariko igipimo cy’umusaruro mwinshi, wo hagati ndetse n’iciriritse mu nganda z’imbere mu gihugu ntiruringaniza cyane, ibyo bikaba bitabangamira iterambere ry’inganda z’igihugu cyanjye. Nubwo imiterere na sisitemu yinganda zigihugu cyanjye zahindutse cyane mumyaka mike ishize, ikigaragara nyamukuru ni: ibiciriritse n'ibiciriritse, ibinini binini, byuzuye, bigoye, kandi biramba. Ariko, kubera gukabya gukenerwa cyane kubiciriritse n'ibiciriritse mu gihugu cyanjye, igipimo cyo kwishyiriraho ibipimo bito n'ibiciriritse biri munsi ya 60%. Ntabwo bigoye kubona ko bidafite ishingiro.

Bigaragarira cyane cyane mu bice bikurikira: Icya mbere, ibintu bibuza nkibyuma bibumba; Icya kabiri, urwego rusanzwe rugomba kunozwa; Icya gatatu, impano yo murwego rwohejuru ikeneye guhingwa byihutirwa; Icya kane, kwihutisha umuvuduko wibicuruzwa byahinduwe; Icya gatanu, kongera ishoramari kugirango ushimangire udushya Ubushobozi; Batandatu, kugirango bateze imbere ivugurura ryibigo byububiko; Birindwi, iterambere ryamasoko yo hanze rigomba gushimangirwa.

Kunoza urwego rw'ikoranabuhanga

Nkuko inganda zimanuka, cyane cyane inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga, zishingiye cyane cyane kubitumizwa mu mahanga n’ibicuruzwa byingenzi, uruhererekane rw’ibicuruzwa byingenzi n’ibanze byatewe mu bicuruzwa bikenerwa ku bicuruzwa byakiriwe ahanini bitangwa n’ibi bigo bizwi ku rwego mpuzamahanga.

Mu myaka yashize, ibigo by’abaminisitiri byakomeje kunoza ikoranabuhanga n’ibicuruzwa. Kubwibyo, bimwe mubibumbano bya pulasitike cyangwa ibice byatewe inshinge byatangiye kuzenguruka ku rwego mpuzamahanga, kandi byinjiye muburyo bwo gutanga amasoko yinganda zimwe na zimwe zo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Basimbuye ibicuruzwa bimwe byatumijwe hanze kandi bakuraho ubwishingizi bwabyo. Ariko ntawahakana ko bake gusa bari mumasoko mpuzamahanga yo murwego rwohejuru.

Nkurikije gahunda ya cumi na kabiri yimyaka itanu, inganda zigihugu cyanjye zizibanda ku guca mu gishushanyo mbonera kinini kandi gisobanutse neza, nk'ibikoresho bya pulasitiki bitwara ibinyabiziga, imashini ya pulasitike yo mu nyanja, n'ibindi. Gusa mugihe duhora dukurikirana ubwo buhanga bushya nibicuruzwa ntabwo tuzakurwaho nibihe. Hamwe n’iterambere ry’ubuhanga mu nganda z’igihugu cy’ibumba ndetse no kongera buhoro buhoro urwego rw’ibicuruzwa, gahunda yo gutanga amasoko mu nganda zimwe na zimwe z’ibanze zikoreshwa cyane mu bigo by’imbere mu gihugu, ibyo bikaba amahirwe kandi bitoroshye. Byumvikane ko muri 2015, igipimo cyigenga cyo guhuza ibishushanyo bisabwa ku isoko ry’Ubushinwa kizagera kuri 85%, kandi igipimo cyigenga cyo guhuza ibiciriritse n’ibiciriritse biziyongera ku buryo bugaragara.

Impuguke zimwe zagaragaje ko mu gihe kiri imbere, inganda z’igihugu cyanjye zitazakomeza kuzamura ubushobozi bw’umusaruro gusa, ahubwo ko zizibanda no ku guhindura imiterere y’imbere no kuzamura urwego rw’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga. Ahanini imiterere yimishinga ihindurwa muburyo bwihariye, imiterere yibicuruzwa byatejwe imbere bigana ku rwego rwo hejuru, ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga n’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga biratera imbere, isesengura ryerekana imiterere no kunoza imiterere y’ibice bitwikiriye ibinyabiziga byo hagati na byinshi, byinshi- imikorere yibikorwa hamwe nibitunganyirizwa hamwe hamwe na tekinoroji ya laser mugushushanya no gukora Porogaramu, gukata byihuse, gukabya-kurangiza no gusya, hamwe no guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga.